Risk factors for treatment resistance in unipolar depression: a systematic review.
Journal of Affective Disorders. 2015-01-01; 171: 137-141
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.020
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Bennabi D(1), Aouizerate B(2), El-Hage W(2), Doumy O(2), Moliere F(2), Courtet
P(2), Nieto I(2), Bellivier F(2), Bubrovsky M(2), Vaiva G(2), Holztmann J(2),
Bougerol T(2), Richieri R(2), Lancon C(2), Camus V(2), Saba G(2), Haesbaert
F(2), d’Amato T(2), Charpeaud T(2), Llorca PM(2), Leboyer M(2), Haffen E(2).
Author information:
(1)Network of centres for Treatment-Resistant Depression, FondaMental
Foundation, Créteil 94000, France. Electronic address: .
(2)Network of centres for Treatment-Resistant Depression, FondaMental
Foundation, Créteil 94000, France.
BACKGROUND: Treatment resistant depression is a complex disorder and an
important source of morbidity and mortality. Identification of risk factors of
resistance may be useful to improve early recognition as well as treatment
selection and prediction of outcome in patients with depression.
METHODS: The aim of this paper was to review the current status of knowledge
regarding risk factors of treatment resistance in unipolar depression, in
patients who failed to respond to at least two successive and adequate
antidepressant treatments.
RESULTS: Systematic literature search yielded 8 publications exploring clinical
and biological factors. Specific psychiatric comorbidities, psychosocial
factors, clinical characteristics of the depressive episode and biological
markers emerge as possible risk factor for treatment resistant depression.
LIMITATIONS: Due to the lack of objective definition and diagnostic criteria for
treatment resistant depression, and the paucity of reports on risk factors, our
review only summarized a small number of studies.
CONCLUSION: Future investigations of risk factors should help to improve the
understanding of the mechanisms underlying resistance in mood disorders and
contribute to improve their therapeutic management.
Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.020
PMID: 25305428 [Indexed for MEDLINE]